Grades 2–4
Multiplying and dividing
Multiplying starts as equal groups: 3 bags of 4 apples. Schools draw it as an array, rows and columns of dots, so kids can see that 3 × 4 and 4 × 3 are the same 12. Dividing is the same picture used backwards: share 12 fairly into 3 groups.
What kids learn, grade by grade
- 2Equal groups and arrays, and skip counting by 2s, 5s and 10s.
- 3Multiply and divide within 100, and know all the times tables up to 10 × 10 by heart.
- 4Multiply bigger numbers and divide with remainders.
Try this at home
- Find arrays around the house: egg cartons, muffin tins, window panes.
- Share snacks fairly and ask how many each person gets.
- Learn tables in an easy order: 2, 5 and 10 first, then 3 and 4, then 6 to 9.
Guide for this topic
Arrays and fair sharing: what multiplying and dividing mean
How schools teach multiplying with arrays of rows and columns, and dividing as fair sharing, so times tables make sense before they're memorized. · 4 min read
Sample worksheet to print
One sample sheet for this topic, with the answers on page 2. Want a new sheet every time, built from the facts your child misses? That comes with Eagerly Math Plus.
The app · iPhone and iPad
Practice it in Eagerly Math
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